A review of 19 studies involving nearly 16 million people found that ADHD was associated with a higher risk of premature death, while prescribed medication was linked to lower overall mortality in a limited analysis.

ADHD Linked to 71% Higher Risk of Early Death, Study Finds

Researchers Highlight Need for Long-Term Support for People With ADHD

By News Desk On Oct 21, 2026

WASHINGTON: (News Desk) – People with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may face a significantly higher risk of premature death than those without the condition, while prescribed medication could be associated with a lower risk, according to a review published in JAMA Network Open.

The review examined 19 studies involving nearly 16 million people across three continents to assess the long-term health risks associated with ADHD. Researchers analysed deaths from unnatural causes, including suicide and accidents, as well as natural causes such as heart disease and diabetes.

The findings indicated that people with ADHD had an approximately 71 per cent higher risk of premature death overall. Their risk of death by suicide was 89 per cent higher, while the risk of dying from injuries, including road accidents, was 55 per cent higher. The risk of death from natural causes was also 27 per cent higher.

Researchers noted that several factors may contribute to these risks, including higher rates of smoking and substance use. Difficulties with executive functioning may also make it harder for some people with ADHD to manage chronic conditions, attend medical appointments regularly and follow treatment plans.

However, the review also identified a potentially encouraging finding. An analysis of three studies found that people taking prescribed ADHD medication had a 25 per cent lower risk of death from any cause than those who were not taking medication.

Senior author Joshua Stott, a professor at University College London, said ADHD does not necessarily have to limit a person’s lifespan when appropriate care and support are available.

The researchers cautioned that the findings do not establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship because the studies were observational. They also stressed that the medication findings were based on only three studies and require further investigation.

The review highlights the importance of comprehensive, long-term support for people with ADHD, including appropriate clinical care and help managing other health conditions.